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1Columbiana County Probate Court , Estate Records, 1803-1900 (Salt Lake City: Filmed by the Genealogical Society of Utah, 1996), Microfilm, vol. 4, pp. 32-34.
2Through a search of the Columbiana County Probate Records I identified 89 Scotch Settlement residents who died between 1812 and 1853 inclusive, 47 of whom left wills and 42 of whom died intestate.
3Columbiana County Probate Court , Estate Records, 1803-1900 .
4Ibid., vol 2, pp. 19-23.
5Howard H. Peckman, "Books and Reading on the Ohio Frontier," The Mississippi Valley Historical Review 44, no. 4 (1958): 663.
6Columbiana County Probate Court, Estate Records, 1803-1900 , vol. 4, pp. 32-34, 163-65, 73, vol. 5, pp. 330-32.
7Holly Brewer, "Entailing Aristocracy in Colonial Virginia : "Ancient Feudal Restraints" and Revolutionary Reform," The William and Mary Quarterly 54, no. 2 (1997): 307, 09.
8David P. Gagan, "The Indivisibility of Land: A Microanalysis of the System of Inheritance in Nineteenth-Century Ontario ," Journal of Economic History 36, no. 1, The Tasks of Economic History (1976): 129.
9Columbiana County Probate Court, Estate Records, 1803-1900 , vol. 7, p. 232, Private Collection, McIntosh Family Letters, Margaret McIntosh and family, Scotch Settlement to John McIntosh, Midmorile, 10 March 1834.
10Columbiana County Probate Court , Estate Records, 1803-1900 .
11This type of property division was also the most commonly used among farmers in Peel County , Ontario between 1840 and 1900. Gagan, "The Indivisibility of Land," 129.
12A joint tenancy was a common form of land holding in Scotland . Generally speaking two families would share a lease to a single farm in order to share expenses.
13Gagan, "The Indivisibility of Land," 133-4.
14Columbiana County Probate Court, Estate Records, 1803-1900 , vol. 13, pp. 332-33, Columbiana County Recorder, Deed Records and Mortgages 1803-1881 (Salt Lake City: Filmed by the Genealogical Society of Utah, 1973), Microfilm, vol. 17, p. 224.
15Columbiana County Probate Court, Estate Records, 1803-1900 , vol 9, pp. 431-33, Columbiana County Recorder, Deed Records and Mortgages 1803-1881 , vol. 9, p. 341.
16Columbiana County Probate Court , Estate Records, 1803-1900 , vol. 11, pp. 341-43.
17Ibid.
18Ibid., vol. 11, pp. 103-04.
19Ibid., vol. 15, pp. 70-71.
20Ibid., vol. 7, pp. 82-3, vol. 11, pp. 249-50.
21Carol Willsey Bell, Columbiana County, Ohio Marriages, 1800-1870: And Other Evidence of Marriages (Youngstown, OH: Bell Books, 1990), Columbiana County Probate Court, Estate Records, 1803-1900 , vol. 13, pp. 226-27, vol. 15, pp. 307-08, United States Census Office, Sixth Census of the United States, 1840 : Population Schedules, Columbiana County, Ohio (Washington, D.C.: National Archives), Microfilm.
22Robert C. Ostergren, "Land and Family in Rural Immigrant Communities," Annals of the Association of American Geographers 71, no. 3 (1981): 400.
23Jon Gjerde, The Minds of the West: Ethnocultural Evolution in the Rural Middle West , 1830-1917 (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1997), 167, 99.
24There is no evidence from the surviving deeds that any men in Scotch Settlement sold their farmsteads before their death, unless they moved away from Columbiana County .
25Gagan, "The Indivisibility of Land," 135-36.
26Ned C. Landsman, Scotland and Its First American Colony, 1683-1765 (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1985), 46-7.
27Private Collection, Scotch Settlement Papers.
28Gjerde, Minds of the West , 205.
29Ibid., 170.
30Columbiana County Probate Court , Estate Records, 1803-1900 , vol. 8, pp. 246-47.
31J. M. Bumsted, The People's Clearance: Highland Emigration to British North America , 1770-1815 (Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 1982), 65, 70.
