1 Donna Gabaccia, “Immigrant Women: Nowhere at Home?,” Journal of American Ethnic History 10 (Summer 1991): 61-87.; Suzanne Sinke, “A Historiography of Immigrant Women in the Nineteenth and Early Twentieth Centuries,” Ethnic Forum 9 (1989): 122-145.; Sydney Stahl Weinberg, “The Treatment of Women in Immigration History: A Call for Change,” Journal of American Ethnic History, vol. 11, no. 4, (Summer 1992): 25-67.; Maxine S. Seller, “Beyond the Stereotype: A New Look at the Immigrant Woman, 1880-1924,” The Journal of Ethnic Studies 3 (Spring 1975): 59-70.; Susan Jacoby, “World of Our Mothers: Immigrant Women, Immigrant Daughter,” Present Tense 6 (Spring 1979): 48-51.
2 See Appendix A for examples of Lucy Markerly's verse.
3 MS, M624, Markillie Papers, File Folder, Lucy Markerly Journal, 1833, 1. Hereafter referred to as the Markerly Journal, 1833. Note that after coming to America her son John changed the spelling of the name “Markerly” to “Markillie.” This was done to end confusion as to the pronunciation of the name.
4 There is an exact copy of the original journal of Lucy Hurn Markerly's journey from Fleet, Lincolnshire , England to the U.S. in 1833. Mrs. Grace Doncaster Post, great granddaughter of Lucy Hurn Markerly, lent the diary of the trip to Mrs. Ethel Chittenden Turner. As the diary was in poor condition, Mrs. Turner had an exact copy made. Page references to the journal match this copy. Both the original and the copy are on file at the Hudson Library and Historical Society, Hudson, Ohio, MS, M624, Markillie Papers, File Folder.
5 MS, M624, Markillie Papers, File Folder.
6 MS, M624, Markillie Papers, File Folder.; Markerly Journal, 1833, 1.
7 Markerly Journal, 1833, 1.
8 Charlotte Erickson, “Emigration from the British Isles to the U.S.A. in 1831,” Population Studies, vol. 35, no. 2 (July 1981): 193-7.; Charlotte Erickson, Leaving England: Essays on British Emigration in the Nineteen-Century (Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1994), 25-6, 159.; Markerly Journal, 1833, 1.
9 William E. Van Vugt, Britain to America : Mid-Nineteenth-Century Immigrants to the United States (Urbana, Illinois: University of Illinois Press, 1999), 1-9. Van Vugt notes that Britain was the first urban and industrial nation in history according to its 1851 census with only a fifth of the labor force employed in agriculture and over half of its population inhabiting urban areas of eight thousand or more people.
10 Markerly Journal, 1833, 1.
11 Van Vugt, 122-30.
12 Markerly Journal, 1833, 1.
13 Markerly Journal, 1833, 1.; Ana Laura Zambrano, “The Exodus to America : 1820-1870,” Amerikastudien/American Studies [ West Germany ] 20 1 (1975): 101-121.; Van Vugt, 14.
14 Charlotte Erickson, “Emigration From the British Isles to the U.S.A. in 1841: Part II, Who were the English Emigrants?,” Population Studies, vol. 44, no. 1 (March 1990): 23-4.; Erickson, Leaving England: Essays on British Emigration in the Nineteenth-Century, 25.; Markerly Journal, 1833, 1.
15 Markerly Journal, 1833,1-2.
16 Maldwyn A. Jones, Destination America (New York, NY: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1976), 25-6.; Van Vugt, 14-16, 137-8; Markerly Journal, 1833, 2.
17 Markerly Journal, 1833, 2-3. See also Terry Coleman, Passage to America (London, England: Hutchinson & Company, 1972), 100-118.
18 Markerly Journal, 1833, 3.; Van Vugt, 137-9. See also Howard B. Furer, ed. The British in America: 1578-1970 (Dobbs Ferry, NY: Oceana Publications, Inc., 1972), 126-7. He describes British government regulations enacted to set safety standards for ships carrying emigrants, especially noting the high rate of accidents and losses on those vessels bound for Quebec, Canada. He states that in 1834 there were seventeen shipwrecks, which cost the lives of at least 731 emigrants while destroying the property of many others, and leaving them in distressed conditions.
19 Charlotte Erickson, Invisible Immigrants: The Adaptation of English and Scottish Immigrants in Nineteenth-Century America (Coral Gables, FL: University of Miami Press, 1972), 38.; Erickson, Leaving England: Essays on British Emigration in the Nineteenth-Century, 25-7.; Markerly Journal, 1833, 3.
20 Erickson, “Emigration from the British Isles to the U.S.A. in 1841: Part II. Who were the English Emigrants?,” 37-9.; Van Vugt, 11.
21 Van Vugt, 10-12.
22 MS, M624, Markillie Papers, File Folder
23 Markerly Journal, 1833, 4.
24 Markerly Journal, 1833, 4.
25 Van Vugt, 14.; Markerly Journal, 1833, 4.; Furer, 26-7.
26 Markerly Journal, 1833, 5.; Zambrano, 101-121.
27 Markerly Journal, 1833, 6.
28 Markerly Journal, 1833, 6.
29 Erickson, Invisible Immigrants: The Adaptation of English and Scottish Immigrants in Nineteenth-Century America, 38-39.; Markerly Journal, 6.
30 Markerly Journal, 1833, 6-7. See also Charlotte Erickson, ed., Emigration from Europe 1815-1914 (London, England: Adam & Charles, 1976), 241-46.
31 MS, M624, Markillie Papers, File Folder.
32 MS, M624, Markillie Papers, File Folder. See Appendix B for a list of books the Markerly family brought to America. Several volumes survive in the Hudson Library and Historical Society Archives. Many of the volumes were works of poetry.
33 Erickson, Invisible Immigrants: The Adaptation of English and Scottish Immigrants in Nineteenth-Century America , 22-3.; Erickson, “Emigration from the British Isles to the U.S.A. in 1841: Part II. Who were the English Emigrants?,” 37-9.
34 Maldwyn Allen Jones, American Immigration (Chicago, IL: The University of Chicago Press, 1960), 101-2.;H.J.M. Johnston, British Emigration Policy 1815-1830 (Oxford, England: Clarendon Press, 1972), 109-28.; Furer, 31-5.
35 MS, M624, Markillie Papers, File Folder.; See also W. S. Shepperson, British Emigration to North America (Minneapolis, MN: 1957), 5-11.
36 Markerly Journal, 1833, 7.
37 Markerly Journal,1833, 7-8.
38 Markerly Journal,1833, 8.
39 Van Vugt, 16.; Markerly Journal, 1833, 8.
40 Markerly Journal,1833, 9.
41 Markerly Journal, 1833, 10.
42 Markerly Journal, 1833, 1.
43 U.S. Government, Federal Census Records (Hudson: OH, 1870).; Chagrin Falls Exponent, 5 and 19 March, 1885.; Hub-Times, 28 May, 1931.; Hudson Enterprise, 29 December, 1877.; Hudson Herald, 22 April, 1926.; Hudson Independent, 25 November, 1904 .
44 Lillian Schlissel, Women's Diaries of the Westward Journey (New York, NY: Schocken Books, 1992), 1-15.
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