1990 Census of Population and
Housing
040 Ohio
160
Akron city
URBAN AND RURAL RESIDENCE
Total population...............................................
223,019
Urban population....................................................
223,019
Percent
of total population.....................................
100.0
Rural population....................................................
0
Percent
of total population.....................................
0.0
Farm population...................................................
0
SCHOOL ENROLLMENT
Persons 3 years and over enrolled in school....................
58,099
Preprimary school...................................................
3,744
Elementary or high school...........................................
35,947
Percent in private
school.........................................
11.1
College.............................................................
18,408
EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT
Persons 25 years
and over......................................... 141,327
Less than 9th grade.................................................
11,509
9th to 12th grade, no diploma.......................................
26,855
High school graduate................................................
48,175
Some college, no degree.............................................
27,489
Associates degree...................................................
6,309
Bachelor's degree...................................................
13,811
Graduate or professional
degree.....................................
7,179
Percent high school graduate
or higher..............................
72.9
Percent bachelor's degree
or higher.................................
14.9
RESIDENCE IN 1985
Persons 5 years and over......................................
206,254
Lived in same house.................................................
113,326
Lived in different house
in U.S..................................... 90,879
Same State........................................................
80,606
Same
county.....................................................
66,373
Different
county................................................
14,233
Different State...................................................
10,273
Lived abroad........................................................
2,049
DISABILITY OF CIVILIAN NONINSTITUTIONALIZED
PERSONS
Persons 16 to 64 years........................................
139,778
With a mobility or self-care
limitation............................. 7,849
With a mobility limitation........................................
3,940
With a self-care
limitation.......................................
5,521
With a work disability..............................................
15,520
In labor
force..................................................
5,500
Prevented from working............................................
8,428
Persons 65 years and over.....................................
31,733
With a mobility or self-care
limitation............................. 6,730
With a mobility limitation........................................
5,495
With a self-care
limitation.......................................
3,964
CHILDREN EVER BORN PER 1,000
WOMEN
Women 15 to 24 years................................................
372
Women 25 to 34 years................................................
1,344
Women 35 to 44 years................................................
1,947
VETERAN STATUS
Civilian veterans 16 years
and over................................. 25,091
65 years and over.................................................
7,297
NATIVITY AND PLACE OF BIRTH
Native population...................................................
216,208
Percent
born in state of residence..............................
74.2
Foreign-born population.............................................
6,811
Entered the U.S.
1980 to 1990.....................................
2,489
LANGUAGE SPOKEN AT HOME
Persons
5 years and over........................................
206,254
Speak a language other than
English................................. 12,298
Do not
speak English 'very well'................................
4,678
Speak Spanish.....................................................
2,716
Do not
speak English 'very well'................................
820
Speak Asian or Pacific
Island language............................
1,864
Do not
speak English 'very well'................................
1,156
RACE
Universe: Persons
White (800-869, 971)................................................
164,868
Black (870-934, 972)................................................
54,395
American Indian, Eskimo,
or Aleut (000-599, 935-970, 973-975):
American Indian (000-599,
973)....................................
603
Eskimo (935-940,
974).............................................
0
Aleut (941-970, 975)..............................................
11
Asian or Pacific Islander
(600-699, 976-985):
Asian (600-652, 976,
977, 979-982, 985):
Chinese
(605-607, 976)..........................................
399
Filipino
(608, 977).............................................
133
Japanese
(611, 981).............................................
179
Asian
Indian (600, 982).........................................
596
Korean
(612, 979)...............................................
256
Vietnamese
(619, 980)...........................................
192
Cambodian
(604).................................................
18
Hmong
(609).....................................................
193
Laotian
(613)...................................................
433
Thai
(618)......................................................
45
Other
Asian (601-603, 610, 614-617, 620-652, 985)...............
87
Pacific Islander
(653-699, 978, 983, 984):
Polynesian
(653-659, 978, 983):
Hawaiian (653, 654, 978)......................................
19
Samoan (655, 983).............................................
0
Tongan (657)..................................................
0
Other Polynesian (656, 658, 659)..............................
0
Micronesian
(660-675, 984):
Guamanian (660, 984)..........................................
0
Other Micronesian (661-675)...................................
0
Melanesian
(676-680)............................................
0
Pacific
Islander, not specified (681-699).......................
0
Other race (700-799, 986-999).......................................
592
HISPANIC ORIGIN
Universe: Persons
Not of Hispanic origin (000-001,
006-199)........................... 221,516
Hispanic origin (002-005,
200-999):
Mexican (002, 210-220)............................................
479
Puerto Rican (003,
261-270).......................................
355
Cuban (004, 271-274)..............................................
27
Other Hispanic (005,
200-209, 221-260, 275-999):
Dominican
(Dominican Republic) (275-289)........................
0
Central
American (221-230):
Guatemalan (222)..............................................
23
Honduran (223)................................................
11
Nicaraguan (224)..............................................
44
Panamanian (225)..............................................
24
Salvadoran (226)..............................................
16
Other Central American (221, 227-230).........................
0
South
American (231-249):
Colombian (234)...............................................
48
Ecuadorian (235)..............................................
8
Peruvian (237)................................................
24
Other South American (231-233, 236, 238-249)..................
40
Other
Hispanic (005, 200-209, 250-260, 290-999).................
404
YEAR OF ENTRY
Universe: Foreign-born persons
1987 to 1990........................................................
1,289
1985 or 1986........................................................
597
1982 to 1984........................................................
297
1980 or 1981........................................................
306
1975 to 1979........................................................
530
1970 to 1974........................................................
414
1965 to 1969........................................................
390
1960 to 1964........................................................
381
1950 to 1959........................................................
893
Before 1950.........................................................
1,714
AGE BY CITIZENSHIP
Universe: Persons
Under 18 years:
Native............................................................
53,992
Foreign born:
Naturalized
citizen.............................................
102
Not a
citizen...................................................
509
18 years and over:
Native............................................................
162,216
Foreign born:
Naturalized
citizen.............................................
3,478
Not a
citizen...................................................
2,722
PLACE OF BIRTH
Universe: Persons
Native (001-099):
Born in State of
residence........................................ 160,329
Born in other State
in the United States (001-059):
Northeast
(009, 023, 025, 033-034, 036, 042-044, 050)...........
12,448
Midwest
(017-020, 026-027, 029, 031, 038-039, 046, 055).........
7,034
South
(001, 005, 010-014, 021-022, 024, 028, 037, 040, 045, 047-
32,960
West
(002-004, 006-008, 015-016, 030, 032, 035, 041, 049, 053, 0
2,344
Born outside the
United States (060-099):
Puerto
Rico (072-075)...........................................
133
U.S.
outlying area (060-071, 076-099)...........................
12
Born
abroad of American parent(s)...............................
948
Foreign born (100-999)..............................................
6,811
HOUSEHOLD LANGUAGE AND LINGUISTIC
ISOLATION
Universe: Households
English.............................................................
82,246
Spanish:
Linguistically isolated...........................................
117
Not linguistically
isolated.......................................
1,869
Asian or Pacific Island
language:
Linguistically isolated...........................................
307
Not linguistically
isolated.......................................
489
Other language:
Linguistically isolated...........................................
899
Not linguistically
isolated.......................................
4,192
LANGUAGE SPOKEN AT HOME
Universe: Persons 5 years
and over
Speak only English..................................................
193,956
German (607, 613)...................................................
1,333
Yiddish (609).......................................................
34
Other West Germanic language
(608, 610-612).........................
45
Scandinavian (614-618)..............................................
52
Greek (637).........................................................
485
Indic (662-678).....................................................
335
Italian (619).......................................................
1,165
French or French Creole
(620-624)...................................
1,397
Portuguese or Portuguese
Creole (629-630)...........................
66
Spanish or Spanish Creole
(625, 627-628)............................
2,716
Polish (645)........................................................
231
Russian (639).......................................................
49
South Slavic (647-652)..............................................
762
Other Slavic language (640-644,
646)................................
373
Other Indo-European language
(601-606, 626, 631-636, 638, 653-661)..
342
Arabic (777)........................................................
443
Tagalog (742).......................................................
39
Chinese (708-715)...................................................
396
Hungarian (682).....................................................
514
Japanese (723)......................................................
221
Mon-Khmer (726).....................................................
18
Korean (724)........................................................
249
Native North American languages
(800-955, 959-966, 977-982).........
24
Vietnamese (728)....................................................
143
Other and unspecified languages
(679-681, 683-707, 716-722, 725,....
866
ANCESTRY
Total ancestries
reported......................................... 272,420
Arab................................................................
1,494
Austrian............................................................
670
Belgian.............................................................
189
Canadian............................................................
241
Czech...............................................................
881
Danish..............................................................
368
Dutch...............................................................
5,027
English.............................................................
25,998
Finnish.............................................................
253
French (except Basque)..............................................
5,855
French Canadian.....................................................
783
German..............................................................
62,613
Greek...............................................................
1,449
Hungarian...........................................................
5,317
Irish...............................................................
35,641
Italian.............................................................
15,078
Lithuanian..........................................................
707
Norwegian...........................................................
625
Polish..............................................................
5,980
Portuguese..........................................................
121
Romanian............................................................
797
Russian.............................................................
1,474
Scotch-Irish........................................................
3,968
Scottish............................................................
4,723
Slovak..............................................................
5,729
Subsaharan African..................................................
257
Swedish.............................................................
1,876
Swiss...............................................................
1,191
Ukrainian...........................................................
860
United States or American...........................................
11,782
Welsh...............................................................
2,947
West Indian (excluding Hispanic
origin groups)......................
181
Yugoslavian.........................................................
1,937
Other ancestries....................................................
65,408
LABOR FORCE STATUS
Persons 16 years and over.....................................
173,839
In labor force......................................................
103,612
Percent in labor force........................................
59.6
Civilian labor force..............................................
103,442
Employed........................................................
94,103
Unemployed......................................................
9,339
Percent unemployed............................................
9.0
Armed Forces......................................................
170
Not in labor force..................................................
70,227
Males 16 years and over.......................................
79,764
In labor force......................................................
55,092
Percent in labor force........................................
69.1
Civilian labor force..............................................
54,952
Employed........................................................
49,733
Unemployed......................................................
5,219
Percent unemployed............................................
9.5
Armed Forces......................................................
140
Not in labor force..................................................
24,672
Females 16 years and over.....................................
94,075
In labor force......................................................
48,520
Percent in labor force........................................
51.6
Civilian labor force..............................................
48,490
Employed........................................................
44,370
Unemployed......................................................
4,120
Percent unemployed............................................
8.5
Armed Forces......................................................
30
Not in labor force..................................................
45,555
Females 16 years and over.....................................
94,075
With own children under
6 years..................................... 13,620
Percent in labor
force............................................
52.2
With own children 6 to 17
years only................................ 13,930
Percent in labor
force............................................
70.0
Own children under 6 years in families and subfamilies...
18,969
All parents present in household
in labor force..................... 9,099
Own children
6 to 17 years in families and subfamilies..........
32,511
All parents present in household
in labor force..................... 20,323
Persons
16 to 19 years..........................................
13,156
Not enrolled in school and
not high school graduate.................
1,231
Employed or in Armed
Forces.......................................
404
Unemployed........................................................
244
Not in labor force................................................
583
COMMUTING TO WORK
Workers 16 years
and over.........................................
91,719
Percent drove alone.................................................
78.8
Percent in carpools.................................................
11.9
Percent using public transportation.................................
3.3
Percent using other means...........................................
0.7
Percent walked or worked
at home....................................
5.3
Mean travel time to work
(minutes)..................................
18.8
OCCUPATION
Employed persons
16 years and over................................
94,103
Executive, administrative,
and managerial occupations...............
9,144
Professional specialty occupations..................................
10,766
Technicians and related
support occupations.........................
3,821
Sales occupations...................................................
11,150
Administrative support occupations,
including clerical.............. 16,691
Private household occupations.......................................
322
Protective service occupations......................................
1,533
Service occupations, except
protective and household................ 14,172
Farming, forestry, and fishing
occupations..........................
739
Precision production, craft,
and repair occupations................. 9,953
Machine operators, assemblers,
and inspectors....................... 8,422
Transportation and material
moving occupations......................
3,560
Handlers, equipment cleaners,
helpers, and laborers................. 3,830
INDUSTRY
Employed person 16
years and over.................................
94,103
Agriculture, forestry, and
fisheries................................
714
Mining..............................................................
91
Construction........................................................
4,410
Manufacturing, nondurable
goods.....................................
9,091
Manufacturing, durable goods........................................
10,424
Transportation......................................................
3,808
Communications and other
public utilities...........................
2,386
Wholesale trade.....................................................
4,195
Retail trade........................................................
18,850
Finance, insurance, and
real estate.................................
4,522
Business and repair services........................................
4,764
Personal services...................................................
2,774
Entertainment, and recreation
services.............................. 1,505
Health services.....................................................
9,886
Educational services................................................
7,685
Other professional and related
services............................. 5,909
Public administration...............................................
3,089
CLASS OF WORKER
Employed persons
16 years and over................................
94,103
Private wage and salary
workers..................................... 77,081
Government workers..................................................
12,370
Local government
workers..........................................
7,189
State government
workers..........................................
3,392
Federal government
workers........................................
1,789
Self-employed workers...............................................
4,393
Unpaid family workers...............................................
259
INCOME IN 1989
Households........................................................
90,119
Less than $5,000....................................................
9,215
$5,000 to $9,999....................................................
12,029
$10,000 to $14,999..................................................
9,635
$15,000 to $24,999..................................................
18,749
$25,000 to $34,999..................................................
15,146
$35,000 to $49,999..................................................
13,273
$50,000 to $74,999..................................................
8,048
$75,000 to $99,999..................................................
2,238
$100,000 to $149,999................................................
1,015
$150,000 or more....................................................
771
Median household income
(dollars)................................... 22,279
Families..........................................................
57,304
Less than $5,000....................................................
4,789
$5,000 to $9,999....................................................
4,474
$10,000 to $14,999..................................................
4,679
$15,000 to $24,999..................................................
11,558
$25,000 to $34,999..................................................
11,065
$35,000 to $49,999..................................................
10,529
$50,000 to $74,999..................................................
6,773
$75,000 to $99,999..................................................
1,932
$100,000 to $149,999................................................
862
$150,000 or more....................................................
643
Median family income (dollars)......................................
27,543
Nonfamily households..............................................
32,815
Less than $5,000....................................................
4,763
$5,000 to $9,999....................................................
7,735
$10,000 to $14,999..................................................
5,013
$15,000 to $24,999..................................................
7,226
$25,000 to $34,999..................................................
4,016
$35,000 to $49,999..................................................
2,564
$50,000 to $74,999..................................................
961
$75,000 to $99,999..................................................
286
$100,000 to $149,999................................................
133
$150,000 or more....................................................
118
Median nonfamily household
income (dollars)......................... 13,704
Per capita income (dollars)......................................... 12,015
INCOME TYPE IN 1989
Households....................................................
90,119
With wage and salary income.........................................
63,725
Mean wage and salary
income (dollars)............................. 30,298
With nonfarm self-employment
income................................. 6,827
Mean nonfarm self-employment
income (dollars)..................... 16,107
With farm self-employment
income....................................
342
Mean farm self-employment
income (dollars)........................
2,928
With Social Security income.........................................
27,316
Mean Social Security
income (dollars).............................
7,775
With public assistance income.......................................
12,825
Mean public assistance
income (dollars)...........................
3,734
With retirement income..............................................
17,339
Mean retirement income
(dollars)..................................
7,415
POVERTY STATUS IN 1989
All persons for whom
poverty status is determined................. 217,484
Below
poverty level.............................................
44,544
Persons 18 years and over...........................................
164,030
Below
poverty level.............................................
27,850
Persons 65 years
and over.........................................
31,733
Below
poverty level.............................................
3,628
Related children under 18
years..................................... 53,182
Below
poverty level.............................................
16,467
Related children
under 5 years....................................
16,358
Below
poverty level.............................................
5,826
Related children
5 to 17 years....................................
36,824
Below
poverty level.............................................
10,641
Unrelated individuals...............................................
43,900
Below
poverty level.............................................
13,510
All families......................................................
57,304
Below
poverty level.............................................
9,454
With related children under
18 years................................ 29,362
Below
poverty level.............................................
8,088
With related children
under 5 years............................... 13,070
Below
poverty level.............................................
4,288
Female householder
families.......................................
14,753
Below
poverty level.............................................
6,554
With related children under
18 years................................ 10,251
Below
poverty level.............................................
6,020
With related children
under 5 years...............................
4,387
Below
poverty level.............................................
3,109
Percent below poverty level:
----------------------------
All persons.........................................................
20.5
Persons 18 years
and over.........................................
17.0
Persons
65 years and over.......................................
11.4
Related children
under 18 years...................................
31.0
Related
children under 5 years..................................
35.6
Related
children 5 to 17 years..................................
28.9
Unrelated individuals.............................................
30.8
All families........................................................
16.5
With related children
under 18 years..............................
27.5
With
related children under 5 years.............................
32.8
Female householder families.........................................
44.4
With related children
under 18 years..............................
58.7
With
related children under 5 years.............................
70.9
Total housing units........................................... 96,372
YEAR STRUCTURE BUILT
1989 to March 1990..................................................
570
1985 to 1988........................................................
1,763
1980 to 1984........................................................
2,674
1970 to 1979........................................................
10,295
1960 to 1969........................................................
12,657
1950 to 1959........................................................
18,054
1940 to 1949........................................................
14,929
1939 or earlier.....................................................
35,430
BEDROOMS
No bedroom..........................................................
1,412
1 bedroom...........................................................
13,637
2 bedrooms..........................................................
28,275
3 bedrooms..........................................................
39,399
4 bedrooms..........................................................
10,897
5 or more bedrooms..................................................
2,752
SELECTED CHARACTERISTICS
Lacking complete plumbing
facilities................................
288
Lacking complete kitchen
facilities.................................
750
Condominium housing units...........................................
2,170
SOURCE OF WATER
Public system or private
company.................................... 95,915
Individual drilled well.............................................
389
Individual dug well.................................................
49
Some other source...................................................
19
SEWAGE DISPOSAL
Public sewer........................................................
95,580
Septic tank or cesspool.............................................
696
Other means.........................................................
96
Occupied housing units........................................ 89,923
HOUSE HEATING FUEL
Utility gas.........................................................
80,438
Bottled, tank, or LP gas............................................
665
Electricity.........................................................
6,686
Fuel oil, kerosene, etc.............................................
413
Coal or coke........................................................
27
Wood................................................................
130
Solar energy........................................................
9
Other fuel..........................................................
1,312
No fuel used........................................................
243
YEAR HOUSEHOLDER MOVED INTO
UNIT
1989 to March 1990..................................................
18,221
1985 to 1988........................................................
23,934
1980 to 1984........................................................
11,502
1970 to 1979........................................................
14,197
1960 to 1969........................................................
10,329
1959 or earlier.....................................................
11,740
TELEPHONE
No telephone in unit................................................
4,481
VEHICLES AVAILABLE
Occupied housing
units............................................
89,923
None................................................................
13,824
1...................................................................
35,703
2...................................................................
28,779
3 or more...........................................................
11,617
MORTGAGE STATUS AND SELECTED
MONTHLY OWNER COSTS
Specified owner-occupied
housing units.............................. 49,503
With a mortgage...................................................
27,946
Less
than $300..................................................
1,891
$300
to $499....................................................
10,467
$500
to $699....................................................
9,265
$700
to $999....................................................
4,188
$1,000
to $1,499................................................
1,390
$1,500
to $1,999................................................
481
$2,000
or more..................................................
264
Median
(dollars)................................................
529
Not mortgaged.....................................................
21,557
Less
than $100..................................................
472
$100
to $199....................................................
9,284
$200
to $299....................................................
9,174
$300
to $399....................................................
1,859
$400
or more....................................................
768
Median
(dollars)................................................
208
SELECTED MONTHLY OWNER COSTS
AS A PERCENTAGE OF HOUSEHOLD INCOME IN 1989
Specified owner-occupied
housing units.............................. 49,503
Less than 20 percent..............................................
30,381
20 to 24 percent..................................................
6,761
25 to 29 percent..................................................
3,998
30 to 34 percent..................................................
2,491
35 percent or more................................................
5,622
Not computed......................................................
250
GROSS RENT
Specified renter-occupied
housing units............................. 36,989
Less than $200....................................................
6,445
$200 to $299......................................................
5,880
$300 to $499......................................................
16,714
$500 to $749......................................................
5,870
$750 to $999......................................................
470
$1,000 or more....................................................
296
No cash rent......................................................
1,314
Median (dollars)..................................................
360
GROSS RENT AS A PERCENTAGE
OF HOUSEHOLD INCOME IN 1989
Specified renter-occupied
housing units............................. 36,989
Less than 20 percent..............................................
10,004
20 to 24 percent..................................................
4,520
25 to 29 percent..................................................
4,397
30 to 34 percent..................................................
3,263
35 percent or more................................................
12,843
Not computed......................................................
1,962
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