1990 Census of Population and Housing
   040 Ohio
   160    Akron city

URBAN AND RURAL RESIDENCE
     Total population...............................................    223,019
Urban population....................................................    223,019
    Percent of total population.....................................      100.0
Rural population....................................................          0
    Percent of total population.....................................        0.0
  Farm population...................................................          0

SCHOOL ENROLLMENT
     Persons 3 years and over enrolled in school....................     58,099
Preprimary school...................................................      3,744
Elementary or high school...........................................     35,947
  Percent in private school.........................................       11.1
College.............................................................     18,408

EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT
  Persons 25 years and over.........................................    141,327
Less than 9th grade.................................................     11,509
9th to 12th grade, no diploma.......................................     26,855
High school graduate................................................     48,175
Some college, no degree.............................................     27,489
Associates degree...................................................      6,309
Bachelor's degree...................................................     13,811
Graduate or professional degree.....................................      7,179

Percent high school graduate or higher..............................       72.9
Percent bachelor's degree or higher.................................       14.9

RESIDENCE IN 1985
      Persons 5 years and over......................................    206,254
Lived in same house.................................................    113,326
Lived in different house in U.S.....................................     90,879
  Same State........................................................     80,606
    Same county.....................................................     66,373
    Different county................................................     14,233
  Different State...................................................     10,273
Lived abroad........................................................      2,049

DISABILITY OF CIVILIAN NONINSTITUTIONALIZED PERSONS
      Persons 16 to 64 years........................................    139,778
With a mobility or self-care limitation.............................      7,849
  With a mobility limitation........................................      3,940
  With a self-care limitation.......................................      5,521
With a work disability..............................................     15,520
    In labor force..................................................      5,500
  Prevented from working............................................      8,428
      Persons 65 years and over.....................................     31,733
With a mobility or self-care limitation.............................      6,730
  With a mobility limitation........................................      5,495
  With a self-care limitation.......................................      3,964

CHILDREN EVER BORN PER 1,000 WOMEN
Women 15 to 24 years................................................        372
Women 25 to 34 years................................................      1,344
Women 35 to 44 years................................................      1,947

VETERAN STATUS
Civilian veterans 16 years and over.................................     25,091
  65 years and over.................................................      7,297

NATIVITY AND PLACE OF BIRTH
Native population...................................................    216,208
    Percent born in state of residence..............................       74.2
Foreign-born population.............................................      6,811
  Entered the U.S. 1980 to 1990.....................................      2,489

LANGUAGE SPOKEN AT HOME
    Persons 5 years and over........................................    206,254
Speak a language other than English.................................     12,298
    Do not speak English 'very well'................................      4,678
  Speak Spanish.....................................................      2,716
    Do not speak English 'very well'................................        820
  Speak Asian or Pacific Island language............................      1,864
    Do not speak English 'very well'................................      1,156

RACE
Universe: Persons

White (800-869, 971)................................................    164,868
Black (870-934, 972)................................................     54,395
American Indian, Eskimo, or Aleut (000-599, 935-970, 973-975):
  American Indian (000-599, 973)....................................        603
  Eskimo (935-940, 974).............................................          0
  Aleut (941-970, 975)..............................................         11
Asian or Pacific Islander (600-699, 976-985):
  Asian (600-652, 976, 977, 979-982, 985):
    Chinese (605-607, 976)..........................................        399
    Filipino (608, 977).............................................        133
    Japanese (611, 981).............................................        179
    Asian Indian (600, 982).........................................        596
    Korean (612, 979)...............................................        256
    Vietnamese (619, 980)...........................................        192
    Cambodian (604).................................................         18
    Hmong (609).....................................................        193
    Laotian (613)...................................................        433
    Thai (618)......................................................         45
    Other Asian (601-603, 610, 614-617, 620-652, 985)...............         87
  Pacific Islander (653-699, 978, 983, 984):
    Polynesian (653-659, 978, 983):
      Hawaiian (653, 654, 978)......................................         19
      Samoan (655, 983).............................................          0
      Tongan (657)..................................................          0
      Other Polynesian (656, 658, 659)..............................          0
    Micronesian (660-675, 984):
      Guamanian (660, 984)..........................................          0
      Other Micronesian (661-675)...................................          0
    Melanesian (676-680)............................................          0
    Pacific Islander, not specified (681-699).......................          0
Other race (700-799, 986-999).......................................        592

HISPANIC ORIGIN
Universe: Persons

Not of Hispanic origin (000-001, 006-199)...........................    221,516
Hispanic origin (002-005, 200-999):
  Mexican (002, 210-220)............................................        479
  Puerto Rican (003, 261-270).......................................        355
  Cuban (004, 271-274)..............................................         27
  Other Hispanic (005, 200-209, 221-260, 275-999):
    Dominican (Dominican Republic) (275-289)........................          0
    Central American (221-230):
      Guatemalan (222)..............................................         23
      Honduran (223)................................................         11
      Nicaraguan (224)..............................................         44
      Panamanian (225)..............................................         24
      Salvadoran (226)..............................................         16
      Other Central American (221, 227-230).........................          0
    South American (231-249):
      Colombian (234)...............................................         48
      Ecuadorian (235)..............................................          8
      Peruvian (237)................................................         24
      Other South American (231-233, 236, 238-249)..................         40
    Other Hispanic (005, 200-209, 250-260, 290-999).................        404

YEAR OF ENTRY
Universe: Foreign-born persons

1987 to 1990........................................................      1,289
1985 or 1986........................................................        597
1982 to 1984........................................................        297
1980 or 1981........................................................        306
1975 to 1979........................................................        530
1970 to 1974........................................................        414
1965 to 1969........................................................        390
1960 to 1964........................................................        381
1950 to 1959........................................................        893
Before 1950.........................................................      1,714

AGE BY CITIZENSHIP
Universe: Persons

Under 18 years:
  Native............................................................     53,992
  Foreign born:
    Naturalized citizen.............................................        102
    Not a citizen...................................................        509
18 years and over:
  Native............................................................    162,216
  Foreign born:
    Naturalized citizen.............................................      3,478
    Not a citizen...................................................      2,722

PLACE OF BIRTH
Universe: Persons

Native (001-099):
  Born in State of residence........................................    160,329
  Born in other State in the United States (001-059):
    Northeast (009, 023, 025, 033-034, 036, 042-044, 050)...........     12,448
    Midwest (017-020, 026-027, 029, 031, 038-039, 046, 055).........      7,034
    South (001, 005, 010-014, 021-022, 024, 028, 037, 040, 045, 047-     32,960
    West (002-004, 006-008, 015-016, 030, 032, 035, 041, 049, 053, 0      2,344
  Born outside the United States (060-099):
    Puerto Rico (072-075)...........................................        133
    U.S. outlying area (060-071, 076-099)...........................         12
    Born abroad of American parent(s)...............................        948
Foreign born (100-999)..............................................      6,811

HOUSEHOLD LANGUAGE AND LINGUISTIC ISOLATION
Universe: Households

English.............................................................     82,246
Spanish:
  Linguistically isolated...........................................        117
  Not linguistically isolated.......................................      1,869
Asian or Pacific Island language:
  Linguistically isolated...........................................        307
  Not linguistically isolated.......................................        489
Other language:
  Linguistically isolated...........................................        899
  Not linguistically isolated.......................................      4,192

LANGUAGE SPOKEN AT HOME
Universe: Persons 5 years and over

Speak only English..................................................    193,956
German (607, 613)...................................................      1,333
Yiddish (609).......................................................         34
Other West Germanic language (608, 610-612).........................         45
Scandinavian (614-618)..............................................         52
Greek (637).........................................................        485
Indic (662-678).....................................................        335
Italian (619).......................................................      1,165
French or French Creole (620-624)...................................      1,397
Portuguese or Portuguese Creole (629-630)...........................         66
Spanish or Spanish Creole (625, 627-628)............................      2,716
Polish (645)........................................................        231
Russian (639).......................................................         49
South Slavic (647-652)..............................................        762
Other Slavic language (640-644, 646)................................        373
Other Indo-European language (601-606, 626, 631-636, 638, 653-661)..        342
Arabic (777)........................................................        443
Tagalog (742).......................................................         39
Chinese (708-715)...................................................        396
Hungarian (682).....................................................        514
Japanese (723)......................................................        221
Mon-Khmer (726).....................................................         18
Korean (724)........................................................        249
Native North American languages (800-955, 959-966, 977-982).........         24
Vietnamese (728)....................................................        143
Other and unspecified languages (679-681, 683-707, 716-722, 725,....        866

ANCESTRY
  Total ancestries reported.........................................    272,420
Arab................................................................      1,494
Austrian............................................................        670
Belgian.............................................................        189
Canadian............................................................        241
Czech...............................................................        881
Danish..............................................................        368
Dutch...............................................................      5,027
English.............................................................     25,998
Finnish.............................................................        253
French (except Basque)..............................................      5,855
French Canadian.....................................................        783
German..............................................................     62,613
Greek...............................................................      1,449
Hungarian...........................................................      5,317
Irish...............................................................     35,641
Italian.............................................................     15,078
Lithuanian..........................................................        707
Norwegian...........................................................        625
Polish..............................................................      5,980
Portuguese..........................................................        121
Romanian............................................................        797
Russian.............................................................      1,474
Scotch-Irish........................................................      3,968
Scottish............................................................      4,723
Slovak..............................................................      5,729
Subsaharan African..................................................        257
Swedish.............................................................      1,876
Swiss...............................................................      1,191
Ukrainian...........................................................        860
United States or American...........................................     11,782
Welsh...............................................................      2,947
West Indian (excluding Hispanic origin groups)......................        181
Yugoslavian.........................................................      1,937
Other ancestries....................................................     65,408
 

LABOR FORCE STATUS
      Persons 16 years and over.....................................    173,839
In labor force......................................................    103,612
      Percent in labor force........................................       59.6
  Civilian labor force..............................................    103,442
    Employed........................................................     94,103
    Unemployed......................................................      9,339
      Percent unemployed............................................        9.0
  Armed Forces......................................................        170
Not in labor force..................................................     70,227
 

      Males 16 years and over.......................................     79,764
In labor force......................................................     55,092
      Percent in labor force........................................       69.1
  Civilian labor force..............................................     54,952
    Employed........................................................     49,733
    Unemployed......................................................      5,219
      Percent unemployed............................................        9.5
  Armed Forces......................................................        140
Not in labor force..................................................     24,672

      Females 16 years and over.....................................     94,075
In labor force......................................................     48,520
      Percent in labor force........................................       51.6
  Civilian labor force..............................................     48,490
    Employed........................................................     44,370
    Unemployed......................................................      4,120
      Percent unemployed............................................        8.5
  Armed Forces......................................................         30
Not in labor force..................................................     45,555

      Females 16 years and over.....................................     94,075
With own children under 6 years.....................................     13,620
  Percent in labor force............................................       52.2
With own children 6 to 17 years only................................     13,930
  Percent in labor force............................................       70.0

           Own children under 6 years in families and subfamilies...     18,969
All parents present in household in labor force.....................      9,099

    Own children 6 to 17 years in families and subfamilies..........     32,511
All parents present in household in labor force.....................     20,323

    Persons 16 to 19 years..........................................     13,156
Not enrolled in school and not high school graduate.................      1,231
  Employed or in Armed Forces.......................................        404
  Unemployed........................................................        244
  Not in labor force................................................        583
 

COMMUTING TO WORK
  Workers 16 years and over.........................................     91,719
Percent drove alone.................................................       78.8
Percent in carpools.................................................       11.9
Percent using public transportation.................................        3.3
Percent using other means...........................................        0.7
Percent walked or worked at home....................................        5.3
Mean travel time to work (minutes)..................................       18.8

       OCCUPATION
  Employed persons 16 years and over................................     94,103
Executive, administrative, and managerial occupations...............      9,144
Professional specialty occupations..................................     10,766
Technicians and related support occupations.........................      3,821
Sales occupations...................................................     11,150
Administrative support occupations, including clerical..............     16,691
Private household occupations.......................................        322
Protective service occupations......................................      1,533
Service occupations, except protective and household................     14,172
Farming, forestry, and fishing occupations..........................        739
Precision production, craft, and repair occupations.................      9,953
Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors.......................      8,422
Transportation and material moving occupations......................      3,560
Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers.................      3,830

INDUSTRY
  Employed person 16 years and over.................................     94,103
Agriculture, forestry, and fisheries................................        714
Mining..............................................................         91
Construction........................................................      4,410
Manufacturing, nondurable goods.....................................      9,091
Manufacturing, durable goods........................................     10,424
Transportation......................................................      3,808
Communications and other public utilities...........................      2,386
Wholesale trade.....................................................      4,195
Retail trade........................................................     18,850
Finance, insurance, and real estate.................................      4,522
Business and repair services........................................      4,764
Personal services...................................................      2,774
Entertainment, and recreation services..............................      1,505
Health services.....................................................      9,886
Educational services................................................      7,685
Other professional and related services.............................      5,909
Public administration...............................................      3,089

CLASS OF WORKER
  Employed persons 16 years and over................................     94,103
Private wage and salary workers.....................................     77,081
Government workers..................................................     12,370
  Local government workers..........................................      7,189
  State government workers..........................................      3,392
  Federal government workers........................................      1,789
Self-employed workers...............................................      4,393
Unpaid family workers...............................................        259

INCOME IN 1989
  Households........................................................     90,119
Less than $5,000....................................................      9,215
$5,000 to $9,999....................................................     12,029
$10,000 to $14,999..................................................      9,635
$15,000 to $24,999..................................................     18,749
$25,000 to $34,999..................................................     15,146
$35,000 to $49,999..................................................     13,273
$50,000 to $74,999..................................................      8,048
$75,000 to $99,999..................................................      2,238
$100,000 to $149,999................................................      1,015
$150,000 or more....................................................        771
Median household income (dollars)...................................     22,279

  Families..........................................................     57,304
Less than $5,000....................................................      4,789
$5,000 to $9,999....................................................      4,474
$10,000 to $14,999..................................................      4,679
$15,000 to $24,999..................................................     11,558
$25,000 to $34,999..................................................     11,065
$35,000 to $49,999..................................................     10,529
$50,000 to $74,999..................................................      6,773
$75,000 to $99,999..................................................      1,932
$100,000 to $149,999................................................        862
$150,000 or more....................................................        643
Median family income (dollars)......................................     27,543

  Nonfamily households..............................................     32,815
Less than $5,000....................................................      4,763
$5,000 to $9,999....................................................      7,735
$10,000 to $14,999..................................................      5,013
$15,000 to $24,999..................................................      7,226
$25,000 to $34,999..................................................      4,016
$35,000 to $49,999..................................................      2,564
$50,000 to $74,999..................................................        961
$75,000 to $99,999..................................................        286
$100,000 to $149,999................................................        133
$150,000 or more....................................................        118
Median nonfamily household income (dollars).........................     13,704

Per capita income (dollars).........................................     12,015

  INCOME TYPE IN 1989
      Households....................................................     90,119
With wage and salary income.........................................     63,725
  Mean wage and salary income (dollars).............................     30,298
With nonfarm self-employment income.................................      6,827
  Mean nonfarm self-employment income (dollars).....................     16,107
With farm self-employment income....................................        342
  Mean farm self-employment income (dollars)........................      2,928
With Social Security income.........................................     27,316
  Mean Social Security income (dollars).............................      7,775
With public assistance income.......................................     12,825
  Mean public assistance income (dollars)...........................      3,734
With retirement income..............................................     17,339
  Mean retirement income (dollars)..................................      7,415

POVERTY STATUS IN 1989
  All persons for whom poverty status is determined.................    217,484
    Below poverty level.............................................     44,544

Persons 18 years and over...........................................    164,030
    Below poverty level.............................................     27,850
  Persons 65 years and over.........................................     31,733
    Below poverty level.............................................      3,628

Related children under 18 years.....................................     53,182
    Below poverty level.............................................     16,467
  Related children under 5 years....................................     16,358
    Below poverty level.............................................      5,826
  Related children 5 to 17 years....................................     36,824
    Below poverty level.............................................     10,641

Unrelated individuals...............................................     43,900
    Below poverty level.............................................     13,510

  All families......................................................     57,304
    Below poverty level.............................................      9,454
With related children under 18 years................................     29,362
    Below poverty level.............................................      8,088
  With related children under 5 years...............................     13,070
    Below poverty level.............................................      4,288

  Female householder families.......................................     14,753
    Below poverty level.............................................      6,554
With related children under 18 years................................     10,251
    Below poverty level.............................................      6,020
  With related children under 5 years...............................      4,387
    Below poverty level.............................................      3,109

       Percent below poverty level:
       ----------------------------

All persons.........................................................       20.5
  Persons 18 years and over.........................................       17.0
    Persons 65 years and over.......................................       11.4
  Related children under 18 years...................................       31.0
    Related children under 5 years..................................       35.6
    Related children 5 to 17 years..................................       28.9
  Unrelated individuals.............................................       30.8

All families........................................................       16.5
  With related children under 18 years..............................       27.5
    With related children under 5 years.............................       32.8

Female householder families.........................................       44.4
  With related children under 18 years..............................       58.7
    With related children under 5 years.............................       70.9

      Total housing units...........................................     96,372

YEAR STRUCTURE BUILT
1989 to March 1990..................................................        570
1985 to 1988........................................................      1,763
1980 to 1984........................................................      2,674
1970 to 1979........................................................     10,295
1960 to 1969........................................................     12,657
1950 to 1959........................................................     18,054
1940 to 1949........................................................     14,929
1939 or earlier.....................................................     35,430

BEDROOMS
No bedroom..........................................................      1,412
1 bedroom...........................................................     13,637
2 bedrooms..........................................................     28,275
3 bedrooms..........................................................     39,399
4 bedrooms..........................................................     10,897
5 or more bedrooms..................................................      2,752

SELECTED CHARACTERISTICS
Lacking complete plumbing facilities................................        288
Lacking complete kitchen facilities.................................        750
Condominium housing units...........................................      2,170

SOURCE OF WATER
Public system or private company....................................     95,915
Individual drilled well.............................................        389
Individual dug well.................................................         49
Some other source...................................................         19

SEWAGE DISPOSAL
Public sewer........................................................     95,580
Septic tank or cesspool.............................................        696
Other means.........................................................         96

      Occupied housing units........................................     89,923

HOUSE HEATING FUEL
Utility gas.........................................................     80,438
Bottled, tank, or LP gas............................................        665
Electricity.........................................................      6,686
Fuel oil, kerosene, etc.............................................        413
Coal or coke........................................................         27
Wood................................................................        130
Solar energy........................................................          9
Other fuel..........................................................      1,312
No fuel used........................................................        243

YEAR HOUSEHOLDER MOVED INTO UNIT
1989 to March 1990..................................................     18,221
1985 to 1988........................................................     23,934
1980 to 1984........................................................     11,502
1970 to 1979........................................................     14,197
1960 to 1969........................................................     10,329
1959 or earlier.....................................................     11,740

TELEPHONE
No telephone in unit................................................      4,481

VEHICLES AVAILABLE
  Occupied housing units............................................     89,923
None................................................................     13,824
1...................................................................     35,703
2...................................................................     28,779
3 or more...........................................................     11,617

MORTGAGE STATUS AND SELECTED MONTHLY OWNER COSTS
Specified owner-occupied housing units..............................     49,503
  With a mortgage...................................................     27,946
    Less than $300..................................................      1,891
    $300 to $499....................................................     10,467
    $500 to $699....................................................      9,265
    $700 to $999....................................................      4,188
    $1,000 to $1,499................................................      1,390
    $1,500 to $1,999................................................        481
    $2,000 or more..................................................        264
    Median (dollars)................................................        529
  Not mortgaged.....................................................     21,557
    Less than $100..................................................        472
    $100 to $199....................................................      9,284
    $200 to $299....................................................      9,174
    $300 to $399....................................................      1,859
    $400 or more....................................................        768
    Median (dollars)................................................        208

SELECTED MONTHLY OWNER COSTS AS A PERCENTAGE OF HOUSEHOLD  INCOME IN 1989
Specified owner-occupied housing units..............................     49,503
  Less than 20 percent..............................................     30,381
  20 to 24 percent..................................................      6,761
  25 to 29 percent..................................................      3,998
  30 to 34 percent..................................................      2,491
  35 percent or more................................................      5,622
  Not computed......................................................        250

GROSS RENT
Specified renter-occupied housing units.............................     36,989
  Less than $200....................................................      6,445
  $200 to $299......................................................      5,880
  $300 to $499......................................................     16,714
  $500 to $749......................................................      5,870
  $750 to $999......................................................        470
  $1,000 or more....................................................        296
  No cash rent......................................................      1,314
  Median (dollars)..................................................        360

GROSS RENT AS A PERCENTAGE OF HOUSEHOLD INCOME IN 1989
Specified renter-occupied housing units.............................     36,989
  Less than 20 percent..............................................     10,004
  20 to 24 percent..................................................      4,520
  25 to 29 percent..................................................      4,397
  30 to 34 percent..................................................      3,263
  35 percent or more................................................     12,843
  Not computed......................................................      1,962